For larger systems, managing compactions and splits may be something you want to consider.

See hbase.regionserver.handler.count.

See hfile.block.cache.size. A memory setting for the RegionServer process.

See hbase.regionserver.global.memstore.upperLimit. This memory setting is often adjusted for the RegionServer process depending on needs.

See hbase.regionserver.global.memstore.lowerLimit. This memory setting is often adjusted for the RegionServer process depending on needs.

See hbase.hstore.blockingStoreFiles. If there is blocking in the RegionServer logs, increasing this can help.

See hbase.hregion.memstore.block.multiplier. If there is enough RAM, increasing this can help.

Have HBase write the checksum into the datablock and save having to do the checksum seek whenever you read.

See hbase.regionserver.checksum.verify, hbase.hstore.bytes.per.checksum and hbase.hstore.checksum.algorithm For more information see the release note on HBASE-5074 support checksums in HBase block cache.